Core needle biopsy in fibroepithelial tumors: predicting factors for phyllodes tumors

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and imaging predictive factors for the diagnosis of phyllodes tumors in patients with inconclusive results from core needle biopsy (fibroepithelial lesions). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data of patients who underwent surgical excision of breast lesions previously diagnosed as fibroepithelial lesions. Numeric variables were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk and t-tests, and categorical variables were analyzed using the chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to calculate odds ratios and detect predictive factors for the diagnosis of PT. RESULTS: A total of 89 biopsy samples were obtained from 77 patients, of which 43 were confirmed as fibroadenomas, 43 as phyllodes tumors, and 3 as other benign, non-fibroepithelial breast lesions. The mean tumor size was 3.61 cm (range, 0.8-10 cm) for phyllodes tumors and 2.4 cm (range, 0.8-7.9 cm) for fibroadenomas. The predictive factor for phyllodes tumor diagnosis was lesion size >3 cm (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that fibroepithelial lesions of the breast larger than 3 cm are more likely to be phyllodes tumors.

Recidiva de tumor Phyllodes sarcomatoide en una mujer joven: a propósito de un caso / Recurrence of sarcomatoide phyllodes tumor in a young

Resumen Introducción: El tumor Phyllodes mamario es una entidad muy poco frecuente, con tendencia a la recidiva local y una tasa de malignización de 5-10%. La base de su tratamiento es la resección quirúrgica. Material y Métodos: Mujer de 32 años diagnosticada de un tumor Phyllodes maligno en mama derecha sometida en otro centro a cirugía conservadora con colocación de expansor y a dos tumorectomías posteriores por recidiva local. Fue referida a nuestro Hospital al presentar una nueva recidiva de gran tamaño (9,2 cm) para valoración de intervención quirúrgica. Resultados: Se realizó exéresis del tumor (remanente de tejido mamario y músculo pectoral mayor) y retirada del expansor con reconstrucción mamaria con colgajo de dorsal ancho en el mismo tiempo quirúrgico. En el momento actual la paciente se encuentra pendiente de iniciar tratamiento radioterápico. Conclusiones: El tumor Phyllodes maligno es una entidad poco frecuente y cuyo manejo terapéutico se basa en la resección quirúrgica con márgenes. De forma adyuvante se puede administrar quimiorradioterapia. Es de gran importancia realizar un manejo multidisciplinar e individualizado de cada caso para ofrecer el mejor pronóstico.

Introduction: Phyllodes tumor is a rare entity, with a high tendency to local recurrence and a malignancy rate of 5-10%. The basis of its treatment is the surgical resection. Materials and Method: We report a 32-year-old woman who was diagnosed of a malignant Phyllodes tumor who had previously underwent conservative breast surgery and expander placement in another center. Two subsequent lumpectomies due to local recurrences were necessary. She was referred to our Hospital for she presented a new large-sized recurrence (9.2 cm) at the retroarelor area for assessment of new surgical treatment. Results: Surgical resection of the tumor (remnant of mammary tissue and pectoralis major muscle) and removal of the expander with immediate breast reconstruction with latissimus dorsi flap was performed. At the present time, the patient is pending radiotherapeutic treatment. Conclusions: Malignant Phyllodes tumor is a rare entity whose therapeutic management is based on margin-free surgical excision. Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy might be administered. It is very important to carry out a multidisciplinary and individualized management of each case to offer the best possible forecast.

Evolución natural del tumor Phylloides de mama por retraso en el diagnóstico y tratamiento realizado / Natural Evolution of Phylloides Tumor of the Breast Due To Delay in Diagnosis and Treatment

Los tumores Phylloides se originan del estroma de la glándula mamaria. La frecuencia es menor a 1 por ciento predominando en mujeres entre 35 a 55 años. Típicamente se presentan como nódulos móviles, redondeados, usualmente indoloros, y pueden tener crecimiento rápido. El tratamiento de elección es la escisión local de la lesión, tanto para formas benignas y malignas, con márgenes de al menos 1 cm. Presentar el caso de una paciente con Tumor Phylloides de mama y su evolución natural por retraso en el diagnóstico y tratamiento temprano. Paciente de sexo femenino, 42 años, nulípara, sin antecedentes familiares de Cáncer de mama que consulta presentando un tumor de gran tamaño, en cuadrante inferior interno de la mama izquierda, cuyo crecimiento fue progresivo hasta deformar la glándula mamaria. Se le realizó biopsia por Trucut, con diagnostico histopatológico de tumor Phylloides de bajo grado de malignidad y se somete a tratamiento radical mediante mastectomía de limpieza. Resultados: Se realizó mastectomía de limpieza, sin complicaciones postquirúrgicas, siendo la evolución clínica satisfactoria. Toda paciente con tumor de crecimiento progresivo después de los 30 años, debe de ser de estudiada de inmediato para determinar su estirpe histológica y el tratamiento adecuado, sin permitir que continúe con la evolución de la historia natural de enfermedad(AU)

Phylloides tumors originate from the stroma of the mammary gland. The frequency is less than 1percent predominantly in women aging 35 and 55 years. They typically present as mobile, rounded nodules, usually painless, and may grow rapidly. The treatment of choice is local excision of the lesion, both for benign and malignant forms, with margins of at least 1 cm. We present the case of Phylloides tumor of the breast and its natural evolution due to delay in diagnosis and early treatment with a 42-year-old female patient. She was nulliparous, with no family history of breast cancer who came to consultation presenting a large tumor in the inner lower quadrant of her left breast. The tumor grew progressively until the mammary gland was deformed. A trucut biopsy was performed with a histopathological diagnosis of Phylloides tumor of low grade of malignancy. This patient underwent radical treatment by mastectomy. Cleaning mastectomy was performed, without postoperative complications, and the clinical evolution was satisfactory. All patients with progressive growth after the age of 30 should be studied immediately to determine histological characteristics of the tumor, and the appropriate treatment to prevent the evolution of the natural history of the disease(AU)

Manejo diagnóstico-terapéutico de las lesiones mamarias atípicas / Diagnostic-therapeutic Management of Atypical Breast Lesions

Las lesiones mamarias se dividen histológicamente en dos grandes grupos, malignas y benignas. Las lesiones malignas pueden ser de origen ductal o lobulillar, siendo el carcinoma ductal infiltrante la neoplasia invasiva más frecuente. Las lesiones benignas se clasifican en no proliferativas, proliferativas sin atipias y proliferativas con atipias. Dentro de los dos últimos grupos se encuentran entidades que conllevan un alto riesgo de desarrollar carcinoma de mama, como pueden ser la hiperplasia ductal atípica, la cicatriz radial o la neoplasia lobular. Revisamos en qué consisten dichas entidades y cuáles son sus características principales en imagen, fundamentalmente en mamografía y ecografía. Si tras realizar una biopsia se obtiene uno de esos diagnósticos histológicos, es importante analizar las características imagenológicas y el tipo de procedimiento realizado (número de cilindros obtenidos, calibre de aguja...), para realizar un adecuado manejo posterior. En algunos casos la actitud a seguir será la extirpación quirúrgica completa de la lesión, mientras que en otros se podrá realizar una extirpación percutánea (mediante biopsia con aguja de vacio), o incluso seguimiento estricto por imagen. Mediante diferentes casos mostraremos nuestra experiencia y analizaremos la literatura vigente para recordar esas entidades y llegar a un consenso adecuado sobre el manejo de las mismas.

Breast lesions are divided histologically into two large groups, malignant and benign. Malignant lesions may be of ductal or lobular origin, with infiltrating ductal carcinoma being the most frequent invasive neoplasm. Benign breast lesions are classified as proliferative, proliferative without atypia and proliferative with atypia. Within the last two classifications are entities that carry a high risk of developing breast carcinoma, such as atypical ductal hyperplasia, radial scar or lobular neoplasia. We review what these entities consist of and what are their fundamental characteristics in image, fundamentally in mammography and ultrasound. When we perform one of these histological diagnoses after a biopsy, it is important to analyze the radiological characteristics and the type of procedure performed (number of cylinders, needle gauge ...) to perform an appropriate posterior management. In some cases the attitude to be followed will be the complete surgical removal of the lesion, while in others a percutaneous excision (through vacuum needle biopsy) or even strict image follow-up may be performed. Through different cases we will show our experience and analyze current literature to remember these entities and reach an adequate management consensus.

Tumor Phyllodes con transformación a osteosarcoma / Breast osteosarcoma originating in a phyllodes tumor: report of one case

Phyllodes tumors account for less than 1% of tumors of the mammary gland, have both epithelial and stromal components and are classified as benign, borderline and malignant. The malignant tumors are highly heterogeneous: they can differentiate to liposarcomas, fibrosarcomas, rhabdomyosarcomas, chondrosarcomas or osteosarcomas. The differentiation to osteosarcoma is extremely rare, constitutes 1.3% of cases and is very aggressive. The standard treatment of these tumors is surgical. The role of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is not clear. However, in patients in whom wide surgical margins are not achieved, adjuvant radiotherapy can be of help. We report a 63 years old female with a right breast osteosarcoma with an osteoclastic component, originating in a phyllodes tumor. The tumor was excised surgically and afterwards she was treated with 10 sessions of 50 Gy of radiotherapy in 25 fractions. She has remained free of disease for the last 10 months.

Tumor phyllodes maligno gigante de mama; neoplasia infrecuente de mal pronóstico: a propósito de un caso clínico / Giant phyllodes tumor of the breast; uncommon neoplasm of poor prognosis: clinical case

Los tumores Phyllodes agrupan un conjunto de patologías caracterizadas por presentar una arquitectura histológica estromal y epitelial; dividiéndose en benignos, borderline o malignos, en función de múltiples características. Se desarrollan más frecuentemente en pacientes entre los 35-55 años de edad, representando el 0.3%-1% de los tumores primarios de la mama. Clínicamente se caracterizan por la aparición de una masa indolora, firme, dura, multilobulada y de crecimiento rápido que puede llegar a alcanzar un gran tamaño, denominándose gigantes cuando superan los 10 cm de longitud. El diagnóstico de los tumores Phyllodes, se basa en el estudio anatomopatológico mediante biopsia radioguiada y las pruebas de imagen mamarias. La cirugía conservadora o radical, con márgenes de resección quirúrgica libres de enfermedad mayores de 1 cm, y la radioterapia adyuvante sobre el lecho tumoral, son el tratamiento de elección de este tipo de tumores. El tamaño de la masa, el tipo histológico y la afectación tumoral de los bordes quirúrgicos son los principales factores de riesgo de recurrencia, que puede alcanzar un 40%, siendo casi siempre a nivel local. Por otro lado, la probabilidad de desarrollar metástasis a distancia presenta una mayor variabilidad, siendo más frecuente a nivel pulmonar y óseo. A continuación, presentamos el caso de una paciente diagnósticada de un tumor Phyllodes maligno gigante de mama derecha (mayor de 20 cm) que, tras tratamiento mediante cirugía radical y radioterapia adyuvante, desarrolló múltiples metástasis a distancia, recibiendo actualmente cuidados paliativos, a pesar de los esfuerzos terapéuticos multidisciplinares realizados.

Those Phyllodes tumors grouped a set of pathologies characterized by presenting an architecture histological stromal and epithelial; divided into benign, borderline or malignant, based on multiple characteristics. Occur most frequently in patients between 35-55 years of age, representing 0.3% - 1% of primary tumors of the breast. Clinically is characterized by the appearance of a mass painless, firm, hard, multilobulated and of growth fast that can get to reach a great size, calling is giant when exceed the 10 cm of length. Phyllodes tumors diagnosis, based on the study pathological radioguided biopsy and breast imaging tests. It surgery conservative or radical, with margins of resection surgical free of disease greater of 1 cm, and the radiation therapy adjuvant on the bedding tumor, are the treatment of choice of this type of tumors. He size of the mass, the type histologically and it involvement tumor of them edges surgical are the main factors of risk of recurrence, that can reach a 40%, being almost always to level local. On the other hand, the probability of developing metastasis to distance presents a greater variability, being more frequent to level lung and bone. Then, present the case of a patient diagnosed of a tumor Phyllodes malignant giant of mama right (greater of 20 cm) that, after treatment by surgery radical and radiotherapy adjuvant, developed multiple metastasis to distance, receiving currently care palliative, despite those efforts therapeutic multidisciplinary made.

Tumores filoides de la mama. Experiencia de 2 años / Phyllodes of breast tumors. 2 years of experience

Introducción: Los tumores filoides constituyen un grupo de raros tumores fibroepiteliales de la mama, representan el 0,3-1,0%. El diagnóstico preoperatorio inadecuado conduce con frecuencia a la escisión local con márgenes positivos, lo cual precisara una cirugía de ampliación de márgenes por la alta probabilidad de recidiva. Objetivo: Describir las características demográficas, diagnóstico, tratamiento y evolución de pacientes portadores de tumores filoides en el período de marzo del 2012 a marzo del 2014 en el Servicio de Mastología del Hospital Central del Instituto de Previsión Social. Pacientes y método: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional, descriptivo de casos consecutivos. Resultados: En 2 años se identificaron 11 casos de tumores filoides, el rango de edades fue de 33-66 años, promedio de 45.9. Las tumoraciones presentaron tamaños entre 4 a 16 cm, promedio de 8.3 cm. Todos fueron sometidos a biopsia con aguja gruesa que informo sospecha de filoides en 8 de 11, en 2 casos informo un fibroadenoma. Todos fueron sometidos a exceresis de la tumoración en donde 2 casos los márgenes estuvieron comprometidos y precisaron ampliación de márgenes, los 2 casos que fueron informados como fibroadenoma. Todas las pacientes presentan un periodo de controles mayores a 6 meses libres de enfermedad. Conclusión: La edad promedio fue de 45.9 años, el diagnóstico se realizó por biopsia con aguja gruesa, donde el informe anatomopatológico reveló tumor filoides en el 72% de los casos, la excéresis tumoral fue el tratamiento, sin complicaciones.

Introduction: These neoplasms are a group of rare fibroepithelial tumors of the breast, accounting for 0.3-1.0% of breast tumors. Phyllodes tumors are generally classified into benign, borderline, and malignant tumors. Inadequate preoperative diagnosis often leads to local excision with positive margins, which will require surgery to expand margins because of the high probability of recurrence. Objective: Describe the demographic characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and evolution of patients with tumor phyllodes in the period of March 2012 to March of 2014 in the service of Mastology of the Hospital Central of the Institute of Social Welfare. Patients an methods: Retrospective, observational, descriptive study of consecutive cases. Results: In two years 11 cases of phyllodes tumors were identified, the age range was between 33 to 66 years old, mean 45.9. The tumors had sizes gobetween 4-16 cm, mean 8.3 cm. All underwent core needle biopsy that inform suspected phyllodes in 8 of 11 cases, in 2 cases they reported a fibroadenoma. All underwent exeresis of the tumor where 2 cases were committed and required margins expanding margins, both were the reported as fibroadenoma. All patients have a greater control period to 6 months free of disease. Conclusion: Phyllodes tumors are a group of rare fibroepithelial tumors of the breast, accounting for 0.3-1.0% of all breast tumors (5, 6). To distinguish a phyllodes tumor of a fibroadenoma through physical examination is extremely difficult, a core biopsy can accurately diagnose most diseases of the breast (16, 17), but may be inconclusive to differentiate a benign fibroadenoma of a phyllodes tumor.

Phyllodes tumor of the breast: a clinic-pathologic study of 77 cases in a Hispanic cohort / Tumor Phyllodes de la mama: Estudio clínico-patológico de 77 casos en una cohorte hispana

Introduction: Breast Phyllodes tumors are rare breast tumors present in less than 1% of new cases of breast cancer, usually occurring among middle-aged women (40-50 yrs). Objective: This study shows diagnostic experience, surgical management and follows up of patients with this disease during a period of ten years in a oncology referral center. Methods: Retrospectively, breast cancer registries at the institution were reviewed, identifying 77 patients with Phyllodes tumors between 2002 and 2012, who had been operated on at the Instituto de Cancerología - Clínica Las Américas, in Medellín (Colombia). Clinical and histopathological data belonging to these cases was captured and analyzed and descriptive statistics were used. Results: The follow up median was 22.5 months (IQR: 10.5-60.0), average age was 47.2 yrs (SD: 12.4), mean tumor size was 3.6 cm (SD: 4.6), 88.3% of the patients (68 cases) presented negative margins and none of them received adjuvant chemotherapy. Of the patients with Phyllodes tumors; 33.8% had benign, 31.2% had borderline and 35.0% had malignant tumor. Disease-free survival was 85.8% and overall survival was 94.5%. Discussion: Reported data in this article is in accordance with what has been reported in worldwide literature. In our cohort even the high mean size of the tumors, the risk of local relapse and metastatic disease is low than previously reported in literature. Trials with longer follow up and molecular trials in Phyllodes tumors are necessary to understand the behavior of these tumors in Hispanics population.

Introducción: Los tumores phyllodes mamarios son Tumores infrecuentes en la mama presentes en menos del 1% de los casos nuevos de cáncer mamario, por lo general ocurre en mujeres de mediana edad (40-50 años) Objetivo: Este estudio muestra la experiencia de diagnóstico, tratamiento quirúrgico y seguimiento de los pacientes con esta variedad de tumor durante un período de diez años en un centro de referencia oncológico. Métodos: Retrospectivamente, los registros de cáncer de mama en la institución fueron revisados, se identificaron 77 pacientes con tumores phyllodes entre 2002 y 2012, que habían sido operados en el Instituto de Cancerología - Clínica Las Américas, en Medellín (Colombia). Los datos clínicos e histopatológicos pertenecientes a estos casos fueron recolectados y analizados utilizando técnicas de estadística descriptivas. Resultados: La mediana de seguimiento fue de 22.5 meses (RIC: 10.5-60.0), la Media de edad fue de 47.2 años (DE: 12.4), tamaño medio del tumor fue de 3.6 cm (DE: 4.6), 88.3% de los pacientes (68 casos) presentaron márgenes negativos y ninguno de ellos recibieron quimioterapia adyuvante. De los pacientes con tumores phyllodes; 33.8% fueron benignos, 31.2% Borderline y 35.0% phyllodes maligno. Supervivencia libre de enfermedad fue 85.8% y la supervivencia global fue de 94.5%. Discusión: Los datos reportados en este artículo están acordes con lo que se ha reportado en la literatura mundial. En nuestra cohorte, a pesar de que el tamaño promedio de los tumores fue mayor, el riesgo de recidiva local y las tasas de enfermedad metastásica es menor que el reportado previamente en la literatura. Los ensayos con seguimiento más prolongado, y los ensayos moleculares en tumores phyllodes son necesarios para comprender de una manera mas precisa el comportamiento de estos tumores en la población hispana.

Tumor filoides de la mama / Phyllodes tumor of the breast

Introduction: The phyllodes tumor (PT) of the breast is a rare disease of unknown origin. Despite its classification into benign, borderline and malignant, their behavior tends to be uncertain. Because of this, treatment remains controversial. Objective: To describe the management of the FT in breast pathology unit of our hospital and their outcomes. Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the files of the patients with PT, operated in our hospital between 2001 and 2008. We analyzed the clinical characteristics, diagnostic studies, treatment and outcomes. Results: During this period 12 patients were operated. The ave-rage age was 42 +/- 15.2 years (16-64) and usually the form of presentation was painless palpable nodule. Both mammography and ultrasound were unable to suggest the diagnosis. Eight patients had core biopsy, which revealed the diagnosis of PT in 5, while in the other 3 was fibroadenoma. All patients underwent a partial mastectomy. The biopsy showed six benign, two borderline and two malignant PT. The latter two patients received adjuvant radiotherapy. At the end of this study, 2 patients had relapsed at 12 and 30 months (borderline and benign, respectively). There were no cases of lymphatic or distant metastases. Conclusions: The PT has a low frequency of presentation and preoperative diagnosis is difficult, so we recommend a core biopsy, but it can confuse with fibroadenoma. The management with partial mastectomy and negative borders had a recurrence rate of 18 percent in this series.

Introducción: El tumor filoides (TF) de la mama es una patología poco frecuente y origen desconocido. A pesar de su clasificación en benignos, borderline y malignos, su comportamiento tiende a ser incierto. Debido a esto su tratamiento sigue siendo controversial. Objetivo: Describir el manejo del TF en la unidad de patología mamaria del Hospital San José y sus resultados. Material y Método: Se revisaron las fichas de las pacientes con diagnóstico de TF, operadas en nuestro hospital entre los años 2001 y 2009. Se analizaron las características clínicas, estudios diagnósticos, tratamiento y resultados. Resultados: Durante este período se operaron 12 pacientes. El promedio de edad fue 42 +/- 15,2 años (16-64) y habitualmente la forma de presentación fue nodulo palpable indoloro. Tanto la mamografía como la ecografía fueron incapaces de sugerir el diagnóstico. Ocho pacientes tenían biopsia core, la cual evidenció el diagnóstico de TF en 5, mientras que en las otras 3 resultó fibroadenoma. Todas las pacientes fueron sometidas a mastectomía parcial. En seis pacientes resultó ser TF benigno, en dos borderline y en dos maligno. Estas últimas dos pacientes recibieron radioterapia adyuvante. Al término de este estudio 2 pacientes habían recidivado a los 12 y 30 meses (borderline y benigno respectivamente). No hubo casos de metástasis linfáticas ni a distancia. Conclusiones: El TF tiene una baja frecuencia de presentación, su diagnóstico preoperatorio es difícil recomendándose la biopsia core, sin embargo, suele confundirse con el fibroadenoma. El manejo con mastectomía parcial y bordes negativos tuvo una recidiva del 18 por ciento en esta serie.

Tumor phyllodes benigno gigante de mama / Benigmant, giant phyllodes tumor of the breast

O tumor phyllodes geralmente é benigno, muito raro, correspondendo a menos de 1% dos tumores fibroepiteliais da mama. O tratamento é cirúrgico e a taxa de recidiva, alta. Relatou-se o caso de uma paciente com tumor phyllodes benigno gigante, com infiltração de músculos peitorais e parede torácica, ulcerado, sangrante, submetida a tratamento cirúrgico emergenciado no Hospital Erasto Gaertner, em Curitiba, por mal estado geral, anemia intensa e infecção local. Evidenciou-se, pela apresentação desse caso, dificuldade em se apresentar terapêutica definitiva devido à manisfestação clínica atípica de tumor phyllodes benigno, caracterizado por lesão de grandes dimensões, de características invasivas, com comprometimento extenso da parede torácica, sem relatos prévios na literatura. O tratamento conservador nesse caso consistiu em mastectomia simples com ressecção em bloco dos músculos peitorais e preservação da parede torácica, contrastando com a literatura, em que a discussão entre cirurgia radical e conservadora inclui apenas relatos de mastectomia simples e ressecção da lesão com margens respectivamente.

The phyllodes tumor is normaly benignant and rare, accounting for less than 1% of the breast tumors. The treatment is surgical and the recurrence is high. We report the case of a patient with benignant, giant phyllodes tumor, with infiltration of the pectorales muscles and thoracic wall, ulcerated, bleeding, treated by emergency surgecal at the Erastus Gaertner Hospital in Curitiba, because of bad general state of the patient, acute anaemia and local infection.We show the difficulty to present the definitive therapeutic because of the atypical clinical manifestation benignant phyllodes tumor, caracterized by a big and invasive lesion, with infiltration of the thoracic wall, without prior report at the literature. The conservative treatment in this case was simple mastectomy with resection of the pectorales muscles and preservation of the thoracic wall, that contrast with the literature, whose discussion between conservative surgery just include reports of simple mastectomy and resection of the lesion with margin respectively.

Tumor phyllodes en un paciente pediátrico: informe de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Phyllodes tumor in a pediatric patient: case report and literature review

BACKGROUND: Phyllodes tumors occur with a frequency of 0.3- 0.9% and are rare in young women. Their clinical presentation is unilateral and behavior and management are unclear. We present a phyllodes tumor in an 11-year-old female and we reviewed the literature regarding this pathology. CASE REPORT: We present the case of an 11-year-old female with a diagnosis of phyllodes tumor. Her disease began 4 months previously. We made an incision biopsy followed by simple mastectomy. Histological report demonstrated benign phyllodes tumor. The patient is currently disease free after 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: Small phyllodes tumors can be excised with a 1-cm surgical border, whereas larger phyllodes tumors are treated with simple mastectomy. Precise pathological evaluation is necessary to plan a better surgical approach and to determine recurrence possibility.

Surgical treatment of giant recurrent breast phyllodes tumor / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

In this study, a recurrent massive phyllodes tumor of the breast was surgically removed and the grafting was used to repair the local skin defects. A 29-y female patient had recurring breast phyllodes tumor of extremely large size in the chest wall after the excision of a previous tumor. The massive phyllodes tumor was eliminated by completely removing the layers of the skin and tissues above the costal bones with incisal margin being 2 cm away from the tumor lesion. The latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap, lateral thoracic skin flap, and rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap were grafted to replace the lost tissues due to the surgery. Anti-infection and anticoagulation treatments were used after the surgery. The graft flaps had sufficient blood supply and good blood circulation, and the incisions mostly healed. The outcome of the surgery was acceptable. For the surgical treatment of the massive phyllodes tumor in the chest wall, it is an alternative of choice to use latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap, lateral thoracic skin flap and rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap in combination for skin grafting.

Clinical pattern and management outcome of phyllodes tumor of breast

To determine the clinical and histopathological pattern, surgical protocol and need of adjuvant therapy for phyllodes tumour of breast Case series. Surgical department of Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro, from November 2000 to October 2006. All female patients with phyllodes tumor of breast diagnosed after triple assessment were included. Non probable purposive sampling technique was used. Female having carcinoma breast were excluded. After taking consent data related to age, parity, site, size of tumor, treatment options, histopathology and metastatics work up done [in case of malignant disease]. Patients were advised follow up for minimum period of two years. Data was collected on proforma and analysed by SPSS version 10. A total of 35 patients with phyllodes tumor were studied. Out of these 23[67.5%] were benign, 5[14.3%] were borderline and 7[20%] were malignant. Mean age was 24 years. All patients were assessed by triple assessment. Nine[25.7%] patients had lumpectomy and 26[74.3%] underwent mastectomy. Patients with proven malignancy and borderline disease on histopathology were submitted for adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Patients were followed for minimum period f two years. There was one recurrence after lumpectomy among benign disease [16.66%] while there was no recurrence after mastectomy with or without chemoradiotherapy. Phyllodes tumor must be vigorously treated with wide local excision or mastectomy followed by adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in malignant or borderline tumor to minimize recurrence

Tumor filodes de la mama: caracterización clínica e histopatológica de 39 casos / Breast phyllodes tumors: review of medical records of 39 patients

Introducción: Los tumores filodes mamarios son neoplasias poco frecuentes habitualmente benignas. El diagnóstico diferencial principal es el fibroadenoma. El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar clínica e histopatológicamente a 39 mujeres tratadas en nuestro hospital. Material y Método: Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo de fichas clínicas e informes histopatológicos de mujeres con tumores filodes de mama en el Hospital de Valdivia entre los años 1985 y 2006. Resultados: La edad promedio de las pacientes fue 44.4 años (extremos: 20 y 66 años). El tamaño promedio del tumor fue 8.3 cm (extremos: 2 y 28 cm). En 27 se realizó mamografía y en 13 ecotomografía, exámenes que orientaron al diagnóstico. Se obtuvo citología en 20 casos, siendo en 5 compatible con tumor fibroepitelial. El diagnóstico preoperatorio fue correcto en 23 pacientes. El tratamiento fue quirúrgico practicándose 29 mastectomías parciales, 7 mastectomías simples, 1 mastectomía simple extendida, 1 mastectomía de aseo y 1 mastectomía subcutánea. La histopatología concluyó 32 tumores benignos, 3 potencialmente malignos y 4 malignos. Un tumor maligno con margen infiltrativo y sobrecrecimiento estromal desarrolló metástasis pulmonares. El seguimiento promedio es 70 meses, registrándose una recidiva local y una metástasis pulmonar. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico de tumor filodes se sospecha en masas mamarias voluminosas circunscritas sin compromiso de linfonodos regionales. El tratamiento quirúrgico es efectivo siempre que se reseque la totalidad del tumor y un margen de tejido sano. El margen infiltrativo, sobrecrecimiento estromal y número de mitosis, pareciera asociarse con el desarrollo de recidiva tumoral y de metástasis sistémicas.

Parameters that influence the prognosis of phyllodes tumour

To evaluate the factors that influence the prognosis of patients with Phyllodes tumour. Interventional case series from April 2002 to April 2006. Setting: Department of Surgery, Surgical Ward-2, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi. Patients: Twenty two patients of Phyllodes tumour breast that were operated. Detailed data of all the patients was collected. Diagnosis of Phyllodes tumour was made on good clinical examination, ultrasonography, mammography and trucut biopsy. Primary treatment included wide local excision in 19 cases and mastectomy in three cases. All patients were females with a mean age of 31 years. Left breast was affected more [60%] than the right and a painless lump was the commonest presentation. Patients were divided into three groups after final histopathology report. Ten patients were reported as benign phyllodes who showed no recurrence on follow-up and four patient as borderline phyllodes, who developed recurrence within 12-18 months; while eight patients were reported as malignant phyllodes. The key prognostic factors are status of margins, histological type and the size of the tumour. Trucut biopsy has greater yield of diagnosis and surgery remains the mainstay of treatment for Cystosarcoma Phyllodes

Phyllodes tumors of the breast: surgical options and outcome

Surgical management of phyllodes tumors is not clearly defined in literatures and even controversial due to the unpredictable biological behavior of these neoplasms. The authors present a prospective cohort of patients who underwent a wide range of tumor excisions to evaluate the oncologic and long term results of these procedures. Starting at June 1990 through September 2004, 64 evaluable female patients were operated for the treatment of PT in our hospital. Patients had a median age of 38 years [16-74] and a median clinical tumor size of 8 cm [3-25]. Preoperative diagnosis was made by the usual triple assessment [clinical examination, mammography and/or ultrasonography and fine needle cytology]. Surgical options included local excision [36 patients], wide local resection [13 patients], simple mastectomy [7 patients], modified radical mastectomy [4 patients], and skin sparing mastectomy [4 patients]. The median follow-up period was 89 months [3-203], where patients were regularly investigated by the same triple assessment together with the metastatic work-up. Histological examination of the surgical specimens showed 39 benign, 10 borderline and 15 malignant phyllodes tumors. Surgical margin was jeopardized in 16/36 44%] after local excision in contrast to the other procedures and consequently local recurrence rate was high 22/36 [61%]. Benign and borderline tumors had less recurrence rate com-wed to malignant lesions [40% Vs. 60%]. Overall 5-year survival rate [73.4%] was not decreased by these high rates of local recurrence because most of them could be resected adequately and the risk of distant metastasis a as low [5 patients or 7.8%]. Tumor grade, tumor margin and age of the patients were significant prognostic factors whereas, tumor size was found non significant. Phyllodes tumor in general should be reacted widely if tumor size to breast size permits clear margins. We encourage re-excision of accidentally discovered tumors after local excision of what was thought as fibroadenomas. Skin sparing mastectomy is an excellent alternative to mastectomy for these tumors provided skin of the breast is intact and away of tumor margin

Tumor filodes benigno de mama izquierda: a propósito de un caso / Left breast benign phylodes tumor: a purpose of a case

Femenina de 34 años de edad, quien refiere enfermedad, con una tumoración en la mama izquierda de 6 meses de evolución, que fue aumentando progresivamente de tamaño. Se diagnóstico un Tumor Filodes benigno de mama izquierda, que fue estudiado y llevado a resolución quirúrgica sin complicaciones ni recidivas hasta la actualidad. El Tumor Filodes es una patología poco frecuente que representa menos del 1 por ciento de todos los tumores mamarios, con un comportamiento biológico variable, aunque la mayoría son benignos existe una variante histológica maligna que puede dar metástasis a distancia. Debe ser resecado quirúrgicamente con márgenes adecuados para evitar recidivas y mantenerse una vigilancia clínica post-operatoria estricta durante un periodo no menor de 2 años.